Butyl rubber (isobutylene-isoprene copolymer) serves as the base material, filled with heavy powder (barium sulfate, calcium carbonate) and compounded to create a high-viscoelastic self-adhesive damping material for vibration and noise reduction. The mainstream product on the market is the aluminum foil composite constrained damping sheet, commonly known as the automotive vibration damping plate.
一、Basic Definition
Core principle of noise reduction and vibration reduction (triple action)
- Viscoelastic damping (core)
When metal sheet metal vibrates, the base layer undergoes shear deformation, and the polymer chains rub against each other, converting the mechanical energy of the vibration into heat dissipation, specifically suppressing low-frequency resonance (tire noise, sheet metal buzzing sound, pipeline water flow resonance) at 50-500Hz. The loss factor tan δ can reach 0.35-0.5, which is about three times the damping of asphalt.
- Quality sound insulation
Density of 1.5-2.5g/cm ³, applied to thin plates to increase surface density, following the law of mass to block sound wave penetration.
- Constrained layer efficiency enhancement (aluminum foil surface)
The surface aluminum foil forms a constrained damping structure CLD, which amplifies the shear deformation of the adhesive layer and greatly improves the damping efficiency.
二、Core advantages (compared to traditional asphalt damping)
- Eco-friendly and non-toxic
Free from asphalt, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and pungent asphalt odor, compliant with RoHS/REACH, and does not emit toxic smoke at high temperatures; Asphalt at high temperatures can soften flowing oil and release carcinogens.
- Ultra wide temperature resistance
Stable usage range: -40 ℃~120 ℃, high-end models have a short-term resistance of 160 ℃; Low temperature does not cause hard or brittle cracking, exposed to high temperature does not flow or peel off. Asphalt softens and flows in summer, hardens and fails in winter.
- Self adhesive long-lasting
Equipped with pressure-sensitive adhesive, it can be peeled off and applied immediately. It has strong adhesion to steel plates, aluminum, plastics, and glass, and is resistant to water, acid, alkali, and aging. Its service life is synchronized with the vehicle body.
- stable performance
The damping temperature range is wide, and the seismic damping effect fluctuates little throughout the year; Asphalt is only effective in the room temperature range, with a sharp drop in damping at high and low temperatures.
- Additional performance
Waterproof sealing, insulation, slight thermal insulation, flame retardant and halogen-free.
三、Conventional specification parameters
- Thickness: 1.0mm/2.0mm (commonly used for car sound insulation is 2mm)
- Surface density: 2.0-2.4kg/㎡ (2mm standard version)
- Structure: Aluminum foil surface layer+Butyl damping adhesive layer+Release paper protective film
- Form: coil material, finished cutting sheet
四、Main application scenarios
1. Automotive NVH sound insulation (mainstream)
Door sheet metal, chassis floor, trunk, wheel arches, engine hood, roof; Resolve sheet metal resonance, low-frequency tire noise, and exhaust pipe transmitted vibration.
Construction logic: First apply butyl damping to prevent vibration, then lay sound insulation cotton for sound absorption.
2. Building and Home Decoration
- Wrap the sewer pipe (eliminate water flow impact buzzing resonance)
- Elevator machine room, fan wall, floating floor vibration reduction
- Central air conditioning outdoor unit, air duct vibration reduction and noise reduction
3. industrial equipment
Water dispensers, water pumps, air compressors, generator sets, ship sheet metal, cabinet shells, transformer vibration and noise reduction, etc.
五、Key points for selection and construction
Choose to distinguish between good and bad
- High quality butyl: has a soft and sticky texture, is tough to pull, has no pungent odor, and does not leak oil when baked at high temperatures;
- Poor quality asphalt blend: strong odor, oily in summer, hard in winter, poor low-frequency shock absorption.
Key construction points
- Wipe the surface of the substrate clean of oil and dust, compact and roll it with a roller to ensure a snug fit without hollowing;
- Full sheet metal pasting/strip full laying, covering more than 70% of the sheet metal area for the best effect;
- Pipeline wrapping: The damping plate wraps tightly around the pipeline, and an outer layer is added with soundproof cotton.
六、limitation
- Due to its heavy weight, the overall sound insulation of the vehicle will slightly increase its weight;
- Only deal with low-frequency noise caused by structural vibration, and use soundproof cotton and sound-absorbing cotton for medium to high-frequency air noise;
- The price is higher than that of asphalt damping pads.
Foshan Zhiwei Adhesive Products Co., Ltd. has over 20 years of professional matching solution experience. We welcome inquiries and contact email from major manufacturers：yang@fszw-tapes.com。
